BDNF – посредник между метаболизмом организма и функцией здорового и больного мозга: алкогольная зависимость как пример

Аннотация

Нейротрофический фактор головного мозга (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, BDNF) в большинстве исследований рассматривается как молекула, необходимая для выживания, роста и поддержания нейронов, как в центральной, так и в периферической нервных системах, формирования когнитивных способностей и эмоций. Однако в последние годы показано, что, наряду с ролью универсального «удобрения» для мозга, BDNF играет роль «метаботрофина», связывающего сигнальную функцию нейронов и системный метаболизм. BDNF действует как важнейший фактор, интегрирующий ответ организма на такие факторы, как стресс, физическая активность, потребление пищи, с клеточными механизмами, необходимыми для пластичности и нормального функционирования головного мозга. В данном обзоре представлены обоснования концепции о значении BDNF как ключевого метаболического моста, который работает в обе стороны: метаболизм тела контролирует выработку BDNF в мозге, а BDNF в мозге управляет метаболизмом тела. Нарушение этой регуляторной функции BDNF ассоциировано с заболеваниями мозга, соматическими заболеваниями, а также соответствующими коморбидными состояниями. Механизмы, связанные с нарушениями в системе BDNF, более подробно рассмотрены на примере участия этого нейротрофина в развитии алкогольной зависимости, для которой характерно как нарушение нормальной сигнальной функции мозга, так и развитие соматических патологий, сопровождающихся метаболическими изменениями.

Сноски

* Адресат для корреспонденции.

Вклад авторов

Д.И. Перегуд – концепция, поиск и анализ данных литературы, написание первичного текста об участии BDNF в патогенезе алкогольной зависимости, окончательное редактирование статьи; Н.В. Гуляева – концепция, поиск и анализ данных литературы, написание первичного текста о координации ВDNF метаболизма и функции мозга, введение, заключение, окончательное редактирование статьи.

Финансирование

Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания.

Конфликт интересов

Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Соблюдение этических норм

Настоящая статья не содержит описания каких-либо исследований с участием людей или животных в качестве объектов.

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