Метаболическая нейрофилософия: взаимосвязь функции мозга и метаболизма тела

Аннотация

Cпецвыпуск журнала «Биохимия» «Взаимодействие между нервными сигналами и метаболическими путями: роль в функционировании здорового и больного мозга» включает работы, посвященные исследованиям механизмов, обеспечивающих тесные функциональные связи между мозгом и остальными органами и тканями организма, а также механизмов, связывающих метаболизм мозга и его сигнальную функцию, в норме и при патологиях. Именно метаболические сигналы реализуют эти связи, и исследования в этой области стали основой для интегративного понимания того, как функционирует организм и каким образом нарушение метаболической сигнализации приводит к развитию патологий. Связь между метаболизмом тела и сигнальными системами мозга – это не просто «поставка топлива», а сложный информационный обмен. Метаболиты (глюкоза, жирные кислоты, аминокислоты) действуют как первичные сигналы, которые в итоге перенастраивают нейронные сети и химию мозга. Взаимодействие между мозгом и телом осуществляется в рамках согласованной работы двух осей: мозг–тело («сверху вниз», от центра к периферии) и тело–мозг (с периферии в центр). Рассмотрение метаболизма тела и функции мозга как единой системы логически и механистически связывает метаболические соматические заболевания и болезни мозга. Установленная тесная взаимосвязь функции и метаболизма мозга с метаболизмом периферических органов и тканей и является фундаментальной основой для лечения «от метаболизма тела к мозгу», а выявленные молекулярно-клеточные механизмы этой взаимосвязи позволят определить мишени для терапии и профилактики коморбидных соматических заболеваний и болезней мозга. Достижения последних лет, доказывающие тесную взаимосвязь между метаболизмом и активностью мозга, привели к рождению бурно развивающейся междисциплинарной области на стыке нейронаук, философии сознания и функциональной биохимии метаболизма. Формирующуюся новую синтетическую область науки можно назвать «метаболической нейрофилософией», предмет которой – обоснование неразделимости метаболизма организма (включая мозг и периферические органы и ткани) и сигнальной/информационной функции мозга, а также изучение зависимости мозговой деятельности, включая познание и эмоциональные состояния, от энергетических процессов и метаболической сигнализации во всем организме.

Вклад авторов

Н.В. Гуляева – концепция, поиск и анализ данных литературы, написание первичного текста и окончательное редактирование статьи.

Финансирование

Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания.

Благодарности

Настоящая статья не содержит описания каких-либо исследований с участием людей или животных в качестве объектов.

Конфликт интересов

Автор заявляет об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

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