БИОХИМИЯ, 2024, том 89, вып. 1, с. 167–181

УДК 577.218

Функции N6‑метиладенозина РНК в клеточном ядре

Обзор

© 2024 Н.А. Жигалова 1, К.Ю. Олейникова 1, А.С. Рузов 1, А.С. Ермаков 1,2*ermakov99@mail.ru

1 Институт биоинженерии, Федеральный исследовательский центр «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии» Российской академии наук, 119071 Москва, Россия

2 Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, биологический факультет, 119234 Москва, Россия

Поступила в редакцию 23.07.2023
После доработки 24.11.2023
Принята к публикации 24.11.2023

DOI: 10.31857/S0320972524010099

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: модификации РНК, N6‑метиладенозин (m6A), метилтрансферазы METTL3 и METTL14, деметилазы FTO и ALKBH5, m6A-связывающие белки семейства YTHDF и YTHDС, хроматин, R‑петли.

Аннотация

N6-Метиладенозин (m6A) является одной из наиболее распространённых модификаций матричных РНК (мРНК) в эукариотических и прокариотических организмах. В течение последних лет был накоплен большой объём экспериментальных данных по участию m6A-метилирования в регуляции стабильности и трансляции различных мРНК, причём до недавнего времени большинство таких исследований было сфокусировано на цитоплазматических функциях этой модификации. Данный обзор посвящён рассмотрению ряда новых работ, раскрывающих роль N6‑метиладенозина в процессах, происходящих в клеточном ядре, таких как транскрипция, организация хроматина, сплайсинг, ядерно-цитоплазматический транспорт и метаболизм РНК:ДНК гибридов. Основываясь на этом анализе, мы предлагаем рассматривать модификации ядерных РНК как дополнительную детерминанту регуляции экспрессии генов, которая наряду с метилированием ДНК и модификациями гистонов определяет структуру и функции хроматина в различных биологических контекстах.

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Вклад авторов

Ермаков А.С. – формирование исходной концепции обзора; Жигалова Н.А., Олейникова К.Ю., Рузов А.С., Ермаков А.С. – сбор и обсуждение литературных данных, написание текста; Жигалова Н.А. и Ермаков А.С. – подготовка иллюстраций; Олейникова К.Ю., Рузов А.С., Ермаков А.С. – редактирование текста.

Финансирование

Работа выполнена при поддержке Российского научного фонда, грант № 22-65-00022, и Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (государственного задания 122041100149-7), ФИЦ «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии» РАН (часть «Введение»).

Конфликт интересов

Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Соблюдение этических норм

Настоящая статья не содержит описания выполненных авторами исследований с участием людей или использованием животных в качестве объектов.

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