БИОХИМИЯ, 2023, том 88, вып. 10, с. 1742–1760
УДК 577.355.3
Электронный транспорт в хлоропластах: регуляция и альтернативные пути переноса электронов
Обзор
1 Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, физический факультет, кафедра биофизики, 119991 Москва, Россия
Поступила в редакцию 21.06.2023
После доработки 09.07.2023
Принята к публикации 10.07.2023
DOI: 10.31857/S0320972523100032
КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: фотосинтез, хлоропласты, электронный транспорт, регуляция.
Аннотация
Работа посвящена обзору механизмов регуляции электронного транспорта в хлоропластах в контексте структурно-функциональной организации фотосинтетического аппарата растений. Основное внимание уделено окислению пластохинола цитохромным b6f‑комплексом – лимитирующей стадии переноса электронов между фотосистемами 2 и 1. Кратко описаны процессы электронного транспорта по цепям нециклического, циклического и псевдоциклического транспорта электронов, их связь с созданием транс-тилакоидной разности электрохимических потенциалов ионов водорода в хлоропластах, обсуждаются механизмы рН‑зависимой регуляции функционирования цитохромного b6f‑комплекса. Рассмотрены процессы электронного переноса, связанные с участием альтернативных редокс-медиаторов – молекулярного кислорода (О2) и аскорбата.
Текст статьи
Финансирование
Работа проводилась в рамках темы научно-исследовательских работ физического факультета Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова «Физические основы строения, функционирования и регуляции биологических систем» (Госрегистрация № 012004 085 35) и при частичной финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (грант № 21‑04‑20047).
Благодарности
Данная статья посвящена памяти Л.А. Драчева – одного из крупнейших отечественных биофизиков-экспериментаторов, чьи научно-технические разработки и пионерские исследования в области фотосинтеза способствовали глубокому пониманию процессов разделения и переноса зарядов в реакционных центрах фотосинтезирующих систем.
Автор признателен Э.К. Рууге, Г.Б. Хомутову и Л.Ю. Устынюк, совместно с которыми ранее были получены основные результаты по экспериментальному и теоретическому изучению регуляции электронного транспорта в хлоропластах, на которые автор ссылается в настоящем обзоре. Автор благодарит анонимных рецензентов за полезные замечания и рекомендации.
Конфликт интересов
Автор заявляет об отсутствии конфликта интересов.
Соблюдение этических норм
Настоящая статья не содержит описания каких-либо исследований с участием людей или животных в качестве объектов.
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