БИОХИМИЯ, 2022, том 87, вып. 5, с. 587–602

УДК 577.112.7

Структура и полиморфизм амилоидных и амилоидоподобных агрегатов

Обзор

© 2022 А.Б. Матиив 1, Н.П. Трубицина 1, А.Г. Матвеенко 1, Ю.А. Барбитов 1,2, Г.А. Журавлева 1,3, С.А. Бондарев 1,3*stanislavspbgu@gmail.com

1 Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, кафедра генетики и биотехнологии, 199034 Санкт-Петербург, Россия

2 Институт биоинформатики, 197342 Санкт-Петербург, Россия

3 Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, научная лаборатория биологии амилоидов, 199034 Санкт-Петербург, Россия

Поступила в редакцию 28.09.2021
После доработки 08.04.2022
Принята к публикации 09.04.2022

DOI: 10.31857/S0320972522050013

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: кросс-β-структура, амилоиды, амилоидоподобные агрегаты, полиморфизм амилоидов.

Аннотация

Амилоиды – это белковые агрегаты с кросс-β-структурой. Интерес к изучению амилоидов, с одной стороны, связан с их ролью в развитии ряда социально значимых нейродегенеративных заболеваний человека, а с другой – с обнаружением функциональных амилоидов, образование которых является неотъемлемой частью некоторых клеточных процессов. На сегодняшний день известно более сотни белков с амилоидными свойствами. Активные исследования структурной организации агрегатов выявляют самые разнообразные варианты конформации белков в их составе. В обзоре мы собрали примеры этого разнообразия, рассмотрев укладку белка в амилоидоподобных агрегатах. Существенная часть статьи посвящена характерным особенностям структуры этих белковых комплексов, которые определяют необычные свойства амилоидов, в том числе их взаимодействие с амилоид-специфическими красителями и стабильность. В обзоре также описаны многочисленные примеры разнообразия амилоидных агрегатов и его значения для живых организмов.

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Финансирование

Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (научный проект № 20-34-90117).

Конфликт интересов

Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Соблюдение этических норм

Настоящая статья не содержит описания каких-либо исследований с участием людей или животных в качестве объектов.

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